Assessment of Smoking Dependence by FAGERSTRŐM Test and its Association with Some Comorbidities and Educational level

Background: Nicotine addiction is the inevitable result for many smokers. Regardless of control and intervention strategies smoking cessation, it important to determine nicotine dependence score each smoker. Objectives: To assess by FAGERSTRŐM Test (FTND score) find out association with some smoking-related comorbidities level education. Patients Methods: This a cross-sectional study on total 200 adult smokers who were attending different departments in Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City during period from April 2019 October 2019. Demographic data including age, sex educational level, number cigarettes/day, attempts quit smoking, as well hypertension, ischemic heart disease, malignancies obtained. dependency was assessed FTND which consists six items has maximum 10. Results: The overall average among 5.8 ± 2.81. A low found 12.5% participants, moderate 33% high 54.5%. showed significant positive correlation cigarette/day (r= 0.758, p< 0.001), age smoker 0.457, p<0.005), duration 0.536, while negative (r=-0.547, p<0.001). presence Smoking-related comorbidities, particularly, disease (IHD) malignancy, associated higher scores compared absence these (P<0.001). Conclusions: More than one half studied had score. correlates positively smoked cigarettes per day, negatively correlated level.